Types of High Rise Buildings in 2022

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High Rise Buildings

A high-rise structure is a multistory building with more than 21 meters or 21 to 29 floors with an undetermined height. There are a variety of structural systems that may be employed in the construction of high-rise buildings. Different types of high-rise structural systems are discussed in this article. Check out the civil engineering courses

Structural Systems for High-Rise Buildings

  1. Braced Frame Structural System
  • Braced frames are cantilevered vertical trusses that resist lateral loads, particularly diagonal components that, along with the rafters, create the vertical truss’s “web,” with the columns functioning as the “chords.” 
  • Bracing members prevent beams and columns from bending.
  • It’s a kind of steel that’s employed in the building.
  • This method is appropriate for low to mid-rise multi-storey buildings.
  1. Rigid Frame Structural System
  • Beams and columns in wooden frame structures are built monolithically to sustain moments caused by loads.
  • The bending stiffness of the girders,
  • Columns and connectors in-plane determine the rigid frame’s lateral stiffness.
  • It can be used in reinforced concrete structures.
  • It might also be utilized in steel structures, but the connections will be expensive.
  • Because of the open rectangular design, rigid frames are easier to plan and install windows.
  1. Wall-Frame System (dual system)
  • It is made out of a horizontally interlocking wall and frame, providing a stronger and more rigid structure.
  • The walls are typically solid (i.e., not perforated by apertures) and can be found surrounding stairwells, elevator shafts, and/or the building’s perimeter.
  • The walls may improve the performance of the frames by preventing a soft-storey collapse, for example.
  • Wall-frame system is ideal for structures with a storey number more significant than that of shear or rigid frame independently, ranging from 40 to 60 storeys.
  • Horizontal interaction benefits are similar in braced and steel rigid frames.
  1. Shear Walls System 
  • It consists of a continuous vertical wall made of reinforced concrete or masonry.
  • Shear walls are used as a narrow, deep cantilever beam that can sustain both gravity and lateral stresses.
  • Typically, they are built as a building’s core.
  • It’s ideal for supporting towering structures, whether they’re made of reinforced concrete or steel. This is because shear walls are incredibly stiff and robust in-plane.
  • The shear wall system is suited for hotel and residential structures when the walls can be vertically continuous due to floor-by-floor repeated design.
  • It might be used as an acoustic and fire barrier between rooms and flats.
  1. Flat Plate and Flat Slab Structural System
  • Slabs (flat or plate) are attached to columns in an arrangement (without beams).
  • The simplest of structural geometries, a flat plate, is a two-way reinforced concrete frame method that uses a slab of uniform thickness.
  • To bear bigger loads and allow for longer spans, the flat slab is a two-way reinforced framed structure with drop panels or column capitals at columns.
  • The components’ flexural stiffness and their connections determine lateral resistance, with the slab corresponding to the rigid frame’s girder.
  • It’s possible to build up to 25 storeys on this foundation.

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