A high-rise structure is a multistory building with more than 21 meters or 21 to 29 floors with an undetermined height. There are a variety of structural systems that may be employed in the construction of high-rise buildings. Different types of high-rise structural systems are discussed in this article. Check out the civil engineering courses.
Structural Systems for High-Rise Buildings
- Braced Frame Structural System
- Braced frames are cantilevered vertical trusses that resist lateral loads, particularly diagonal components that, along with the rafters, create the vertical truss’s “web,” with the columns functioning as the “chords.”
- Bracing members prevent beams and columns from bending.
- It’s a kind of steel that’s employed in the building.
- This method is appropriate for low to mid-rise multi-storey buildings.
- Rigid Frame Structural System
- Beams and columns in wooden frame structures are built monolithically to sustain moments caused by loads.
- The bending stiffness of the girders,
- Columns and connectors in-plane determine the rigid frame’s lateral stiffness.
- It can be used in reinforced concrete structures.
- It might also be utilized in steel structures, but the connections will be expensive.
- Because of the open rectangular design, rigid frames are easier to plan and install windows.
- Wall-Frame System (dual system)
- It is made out of a horizontally interlocking wall and frame, providing a stronger and more rigid structure.
- The walls are typically solid (i.e., not perforated by apertures) and can be found surrounding stairwells, elevator shafts, and/or the building’s perimeter.
- The walls may improve the performance of the frames by preventing a soft-storey collapse, for example.
- Wall-frame system is ideal for structures with a storey number more significant than that of shear or rigid frame independently, ranging from 40 to 60 storeys.
- Horizontal interaction benefits are similar in braced and steel rigid frames.
- Shear Walls System
- It consists of a continuous vertical wall made of reinforced concrete or masonry.
- Shear walls are used as a narrow, deep cantilever beam that can sustain both gravity and lateral stresses.
- Typically, they are built as a building’s core.
- It’s ideal for supporting towering structures, whether they’re made of reinforced concrete or steel. This is because shear walls are incredibly stiff and robust in-plane.
- The shear wall system is suited for hotel and residential structures when the walls can be vertically continuous due to floor-by-floor repeated design.
- It might be used as an acoustic and fire barrier between rooms and flats.
- Flat Plate and Flat Slab Structural System
- Slabs (flat or plate) are attached to columns in an arrangement (without beams).
- The simplest of structural geometries, a flat plate, is a two-way reinforced concrete frame method that uses a slab of uniform thickness.
- To bear bigger loads and allow for longer spans, the flat slab is a two-way reinforced framed structure with drop panels or column capitals at columns.
- The components’ flexural stiffness and their connections determine lateral resistance, with the slab corresponding to the rigid frame’s girder.
- It’s possible to build up to 25 storeys on this foundation.
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